1	Current Horizons in EEG Biofeedback Assessment and Training Thomas F. Collura, Ph.D. July 12, 2008
2	Historical Perspective
3	EEG Biofeedback Operant Conditioning (Learning) Based on brain electrical activity Means to navigate “inner” space Means to condition and train the brain Wide range of application areas EEG ranges from 0 to 100 Hz Components include alpha, theta, beta, etc.
4	Current Trends Assessment & Planning Multichannel Protocols / Connectivity Live Z-Score Training Hemoencephalography DC and Slow Cortical Potentials Real-World Feedback Low-Energy Neurofeedback
5	EEG circa 1925
6	EEG Physiology
7	EEG Physiology
8	Cells of the Cerebral Cortex
9	Normal Neuronal Cycle
10	Concentration/Relaxation Cycle
11	EEG Biofeedback Goals Improve Self-Regulation Achieve Flexible & Appropriate Brain States Normalize Connectivity Address Functionality, not Symptoms Provide Lasting Change
12	MINI-Q / Multichannel Training
13	Live Z-Score Training
14	Multichannel Assessment / Training
15	Advanced Protocols
16	Hemoencephalography Brain Metabolism as an Indicator nIR (“near IR”) – optical reflectance (red) Reflects O2 uptake (“fuel”) (Dr. H. Toomim) pIR (“passive IR”) – heat emitted Reflects work (“exhaust”) (Dr. J. Carmen) Both can train the brain to “work” Most often used frontally
17	HEG Training
18	DC / Slow Cortical Potentials Very slow (< 1.0 Hz) signals Reflect Brain Activation Glial Cells (10x more than neurons) Research in Europe, Germany Clinical, BCI applications Relatively new in USA Historically very costly
19	Real-World Feedback
20	Low Energy Neurofeedback Developed by Dr. Len Ochs Emphasis on Assessment Feedback very brief, extremely low energy Method uses Dominant Frequency Facilitates change, nonvolitional Exact mechanism is unknown
21	Future Horizons More General Acceptance of EEG BF Clinical Outcome Studies Improved Assessment & Training Methods Safe, non-drug approach Employs innate ability of brain to self-regulate Migration to home, school, office
22	For Further Information www.brainmaster.com www.stresstherapysolutions.com education/training www.isnr.org International Society for Neuronal Regulation www.aapb.org Association for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback www.stonemountaincenter.com